This year 2021 marks the 40thanniversary of the landmark Castaeda v. Pickard (1981) federal court case in the United States. This was the first and arguably most influentialcourt case that provided some federal guidelines for advocates, lawyers and Office of Civil Rights (OCR) on the minimum requirements to implement a bilingual education program. The court ruling has been used frequently in consequent litigation in support of bilingual education.

1. What might trigger the test? How does the test work?

2. Critically (re)examine the legacy of the Castaeda v.Pickard ruling in the context of the racial reawakening moment we are living through.

3. How does this court case promote and enhance bilingual educationand the civil rights of bilingual children.

4. Discuss one action item that you can develop to enhance civil rights in 2021 in your current teaching situation.