This year, Santhosh, a single taxpayer, estimates that his tax liability will be $94,000.Last year, his total tax liability was $13,000.He estimates that his tax withholding from his employer will be $33,000.

a.Is Santhosh required to increase his withholding or make estimated tax payments this year to avoid the underpayment penalty?

• No
• Yes

b.By how much, if any, must Santhosh increase his withholding and/or estimated tax payments for the year to avoid underpayment penalties?