Through the EU, work in a field of law has been done for a long time. Swedish national legislation is in conflict with the new EU rules. Sv The majority of the Riksdag is opposed to the new rules and there is a debate in the media about this. Will, and if so when, will the new EU rules be applied in Sweden: ) An EU regulation will be issued, which will enter into force on 1 January 2022. 

b) An EU directive with an implementation period up to and including 31 December 2022 is issued.

c) What are direct and indirect effects, respectively?