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Read the following case study and answer questions $2126.$

MAXHOSA AFRICA

Laduma Ngxokolo is one of Africa$$s finest knitwear designers and the founder of the Xhosa$-$inspired knitwear brand MaXhosa Africa. Laduma founded the brand in $2010$ with a desire to explore knitwear design solutions that would be suitable for the Amakrwala$$s $($Xhosa initiates$)$ traditional dress. His business initially started with seven employees, and it was reported that in $2020$ this number had grown to $49$ employees across all departments.

As Laduma himself had once been a Xhosa initiate, he was motivated to design a premium knitwear range that celebrates traditional Xhosa beadwork aesthetics, using South African mohair and wool.

In $2014$ Laduma was awarded the WeTransfer Scholarship to study his Masters degree in Material Futures at Central St$.$ Martins Art School in London, where he graduated in $2016.$ In $2015,$ he won the Vogue Italia Scouting for Africa prize to showcase his collection at the Palazzo Morando Show in Milan, Italy. New African Magazine named him one of the $100$ Most Influential Africans of $2017.$ To date, Laduma has received numerous other achievements and captured the hearts of many fashion lovers and the media from as far as London, Paris, Amsterdam, Oslo, Berlin, and New York. Despite these achievements, there have been challenges along the way.

One of the biggest challenges faced by Laduma related to the production of his designs. $$Because South Africa doesn$$t have an established premium knitwear fabric production industry, I had to change suppliers over and over again because they couldn$$t meet my $($expectations for$)$ quality, and level of craft," Laduma laments. Laduma overcame this challenge with a 'horizontal integration strategy', which involved acquiring his supplier's factory. This acquisition allowed him to control the quality of his product and to achieve economies of scale, which lowered costs.

By shifting and evolving with the changing times and by engaging in a dialogue that keeps pushing traditional culture toward the future, through his work Laduma is an agent of change.

Source: Adapted from About $$ MAXHOSA AFRICA

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"Laduma overcame this challenge with a 'horizontal integration strategy', which involved acquiring his supplier's factory. This acquisition allowed him to control the quality of his product and to achieve economies of scale, which lowered costs$.$ This extract best reflects which entrepreneurial attribute, skill, and$/$or behaviour as displayed by Laduma?

a$.$

Tolerance to failure

b$.$

Persistent problem$-$solving

c$.$

Calculated risk$-$taking

d$.$

Drive to achieve

e$.$

Opportunity obsession

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Laduma$$s work has gained attention across the globe and he has won multiple awards in the fashion industry, both locally and abroad. This description best reflects which entrepreneurial pull factor?

a$.$

Personal wealth

b$.$

Personal development

c$.$

Interdependence of mindset

d$.$

Recognition of performance

e$.$

High achievement levels of potential entrepreneurs

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The MaXhosa Africa brand was established in $2010$ and has since been a pioneering fashion house in South Africa. The brand is recognised nationally and internationally, and employee numbers have increased over the years. Considering the activities within the entrepreneurial process, which entrepreneurial classification best describes Laduma?

a$.$

Local entrepreneur

b$.$

Established entrepreneur

c$.$

Potential entrepreneur

d$.$

Intentional entrepreneur

e$.$

Start$-$up entrepreneur

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$"$By shifting and evolving with the changing times and by engaging in a dialogue that keeps pushing traditional culture toward the future, through his work Laduma is an agent of change$.$ This extract best reflects which reward associated with entrepreneurship?

a$.$

Opportunity to make a difference

b$.$

Opportunity to reach one$$s full potential

c$.$

Profit motive and wealth creation

d$.$

Opportunity to gain control over own destiny

e$.$

Opportunity to do what one enjoys

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The extract, $$In $2015,$ he $[$Laduma$]$ won the Vogue Italia Scouting for Africa prize to showcase his collection at the Palazzo Morando Show in Milan, Italy$,$ best describes Laduma as participating in which domain of entrepreneurship?

a$.$

Family entrepreneurship

b$.$

Technopreneurship

c$.$

Global entrepreneurship

d$.$

Franchising

e$.$

Corporate entrepreneurship

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