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TipTop Flight School offers flying lessons at a small municipal airport. The schools owner and manager has been attempting to evaluate performance and control costs

TipTop Flight School offers flying lessons at a small municipal airport. The schools owner and manager has been attempting to evaluate performance and control costs using a variance report that compares the planning budget to actual results. A recent variance report appears below:

TipTop Flight School Variance Report For the Month Ended July 31

Actual Results

Planning Budget

Variances

Lessons

205

200

Revenue

$

42,920

$

42,000

$

920

F

Expenses:

Instructor wages

13,170

13,000

170

U

Aircraft depreciation

7,995

7,800

195

U

Fuel

4,220

3,800

420

U

Maintenance

3,390

3,250

140

U

Ground facility expenses

2,370

2,430

60

F

Administration

4,295

4,370

75

F

Total expense

35,440

34,650

790

U

Net operating income

$

7,480

$

7,350

$

130

F

After several months of using such variance reports, the owner has become frustrated. For example, she is quite confident that instructor wages were very tightly controlled in July, but the report shows an unfavorable variance.

The planning budget was developed using the following formulas, where q is the number of lessons sold:

Cost Formulas

Revenue

$210q

Instructor wages

$65q

Aircraft depreciation

$39q

Fuel

$19q

Maintenance

$ 650 + $13q

Ground facility expenses

$1,630 + $4q

Administration

$4,170 + $1q

Required:

2.

Complete the flexible budget performance report for the school for July. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance).)

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