Titan Corporation has a defined benefit pension plan. One of its employees has vested benefits under the plan, which will pay her $48,000 annually for life starting with the first $48,000 payment on the day she retires at the age of 65. The employee has just reached the age of 45. Titan consulted standard mortality tables to come up with a life expectancy of 80 for this employee. The implicit interest rate under the plan is 11%.

Required: a. What will be the present value of the pension obligation at the time of the employee's retirement? b. What is the present value of the pension obligation at the current time?