Tl1e GEM offers four unique re choices for each frame type. Thus, KCC could purchase as many as 12 different lire models to meet market demand (three frame types it four different tires per frame). Factors that differentiate the tires include: 0 Bias-ply (characterized by a round prole and tall sidewalls). - Radial (characterized by a flat prole and short sidewalls). - Grip (softbetter road grip but shorter tread life; hardpoorer road grip, but longer tread life). 0 Tread design (differences in the number of grooves in the tire pattern). 0 Number of layers (known as plies) from which the tire is constructed; using more layers results in a stiffer tire. The OEM contracts directly with the tire manufacturer to supply specific tires to the wheel manufacturer. Much engineering effort has gone into identifying the proper tires and wheels for each type of motorcycle. The wheel vendor receives and mounts the appropriate tire on the wheel set and then delivers the set to KCC. The tire manufacturer sells its products to different GEMS, as well as to aftermarket customers