Question
Tl-208 decays through a beta emission and has a half-life of 3.05 minutes. Besides the beta emission, there are several gamma rays associated with the
Tl-208 decays through a beta emission and has a half-life of 3.05 minutes. Besides the beta emission, there are several gamma rays associated with the decay and these gamma emissions occur at different fractions.
Table 1. Thallium-208 gamma emission data
Energy of emission (MeV) | Fraction of decays |
2.6146 | 0.9979 |
0.5831 | 0.8582 |
0.5108 | 0.2155 |
0.8604 | 0.1197 |
Table 2. Beryllium data
Nuclear data | Mass Excess (MeV) |
Be-9 | 11.348 |
Be-8 | 4.942 |
n (nucleons) | 8.071 |
a. Using the information in Table 1 and Table 2, and using 100% Be-9 as the target, which of the above gamma emissions will produce a photoneutron?
b. Using the same radio-isotope and target, if the material is in the 100% Be sphere, how many neutrons will a Tl-208 source with the activity of 40 GBq produce?
c. Instead of Tl-208, you substitute 10 Gbq of Na-24 and place this in the sphere. How many neutrons will be produced by each of the Na-24 gamma emissions if the neutron yield is 3.4E5 n/s for 10 Gbq. The Na-24 gamma-ray emissions are 1.3685 MeV (100%) and 2.7540 (99.863%).
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