To make provision for the possible impact of recessions in the future, Albany Mutual Bank would like to set up a reserve fund. The fund will earn an interest rate of 6% per annum. If the fund pays a fixed amount of $12 million to the bank annually for an infinite period, starting two years from today and the annual payment grows at 2.5% per annum, how much does the bank need in the fund today?

On 31 October 2013, Josh borrowed money from his parents. He promised that he would repay the money on 31 October 2017, with interest at a nominal interest rate of 7% p.a., compounding quarterly. The total amount that he was due to pay his parents at that time was exactly $10,000 but he started his studies at university so he couldn't afford to repay the loan. If interest continues to accrue, what amount must Josh pay on 31 October 2022 to fully pay off the loan?

A stock has been reported to have a total holding return of 14% over the last year. Last year the stock was purchased for $48 and recently sold for $52.32 after adjusting for the dividend that was to be paid soon. What is the value of this adjustment?