Tom is manager at ZYC Company. He believes that it is important to reward employees according to their inputs and compared to similar employees. Contrary to Tom, Alex believes that the best way to motivate employees is to allow them to understand the linkages between their individual efforts and their level of performance. After all, performance is key to attaining organizational goals. He also believes that performance should lead to certain outcomes that employees value. Alex is likely to use __________ in managing employees. a. Cognitive dissonance theory. b. Expectancy theory. c. Self-determination theory. d. Equity theory