Tom places a ladder outside a window. The ladder is old and worn. Tom has previously glued the ladder together in places. The makeshift repairs cannot be seen. Tom then asks Joe to use the ladder to fix the window. Joe climbs the ladder, but one of the makeshift repairs fails. Joe falls to the ground and his arm is injured . A firefighter who responds to treat Joe, negligently applies a sling to Joe, causing his arm to injured further . Which of the following is true ?

A) Tom is not responsible for Joe's injury, because he had no duty to warn Tom about the repairs

B) Tom is responsible for both the initial injury and the subsequent injury caused by the firefighter

C) none of the above