Total plasma volume is important in determining the required plasma component in blood replacement therapy for a person undergoing surgery. Plasma volume is influenced by the overall health and physical activity of an individual. Suppose that a random sample of 48 male firefighters are tested and that they have a plasma volume sample mean of x = 37.5 ml/kg (milliliters plasma per kilogram body weight). Assume that = 7.10 ml/kg for the distribution of blood plasma.

(a) Find a 99% confidence interval for the population mean blood plasma volume in male firefighters. What is the margin of error? (Round your answers to two decimal places.) lower limit upper limit margin of error

(b) What conditions are necessary for your calculations? (Select all that apply.)

the distribution of weights is uniform

n is large

the distribution of weights is normal

is known

is unknown

(c) Interpret your results in the context of this problem.

1% of the intervals created using this method will contain the true average blood plasma volume in male firefighters.

99% of the intervals created using this method will contain the true average blood plasma volume in male firefighters.

The probability that this interval contains the true average blood plasma volume in male firefighters is 0.01.

The probability that this interval contains the true average blood plasma volume in male firefighters is 0.99.

(d) Find the sample size necessary for a 99% confidence level with maximal margin of error E = 2.20 for the mean plasma volume in male firefighters. (Round up to the nearest whole number.)

male firefighters