TQ 4.1: In Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer, what was the President's main argument for why he had authority to seize the steel mills? What did the Court hold as to the president's seizure of the mills? TQ 4.2: In his concurrence in Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer, what was Justice Jackson's formula for determining whether a president has inherent powers? Where in this formula did Justice Jackson place the president's seizure of the steel mills? According to Justice Jackson, when would a president's use of power be at its maximum? Can you think of any examples? TQ 4.3: Briefly explain the differing war powers as they are textually committed to Congress and to the President. How do these powers play a role in the Hamdi decision? TQ 4.4: What is "Bicameralism" and how did it play a role in the INS v. Chadha decision? TQ 4.5: Why does the line item veto, as discussed in Clinton v. NY, violate the principle of bicameralism and presentment?

1. Alexander: Book, pp. 69-91

2. Chemerinsky: 4.1 Express and Inherent Presidential Powers (pp. 363 - Top of 372)

3.11.2 The Legislative Veto (pp. 357 - 359)