Kryonex, Inc. is a start-up focussing on manufacturing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) packing boxes for clients located in both North and South America. PVC is a synthetic thermoplastic material made by polymerizing vinyl chloride, and the competition that Kryonex faces is pretty intense. To keep the manufacturing process as efficient as possible, Miguel Gomez, the company's Chief Accountant, tracks all purchases and usages of direct materials and direct labour. The figures for the previous month indicate that 116,312 kilograms (kgs.) of vinyl chloride, the direct material used in making the packing boxes, were purchased at a cost of $2.35 per kg. All of the vinyl chloride was used to produce 6,700 PVC packing boxes. In addition, 9,348 direct labour hours were used in the production process, for a total direct labour cost of $177,509. Miguel has also ascertained the direct material and direct labour standards relating to one PVC packing box, and has entered this information in the following table: Standard price or rate Standard cost Standard quantity or hours 14.00 kgs. 1.31 DLHS Direct materials Direct labour $2.76 per kg. $18.30 per DLH $38.64 per box $23.97 Required: 1. Compute the direct materials price and quantity variances for the month. 10 marks 2. Compute the direct labour rate and efficiency variances for the month, 10 marks