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Treatment Opt1 Opt2 Opt3 Opt4 Opt5 Opt6 Opt7 Opt1 Opt2 Opt3 Opt4 Opt5 Opt6 Opt7 GIT_1-3 GIT_4-6 Ttest 0 -2 -3 -3 3 1 -3

Treatment Opt1 Opt2 Opt3 Opt4 Opt5 Opt6 Opt7 Opt1 Opt2 Opt3 Opt4 Opt5 Opt6 Opt7 GIT_1-3 GIT_4-6 Ttest
0 -2 -3 -3 3 1 -3 -2 Opt1 1 1.984467
0 -2 -3 -2 3 -3 -3 0 Opt2 0.392254 1 0.038632
0 -3 -3 -3 3 -1 0 0 Opt3 0.653662 0.406735 1 0.196551
0 -2 -2 -2 3 -1 -3 1 Opt4 0.040444 0.199065 0.287404 1
0 2 -2 -3 -2 -3 0 1 Opt5 0.166314 0.144323 0.135552 0.004724 1
0 0 -2 -1 1 3 0 -1 Opt6 0.439532 0.484617 0.495221 0.036003 0.071706 1
0 -1 -2 -1 3 0 -1 -1 Opt7 0.547747 0.459113 0.599618 0.299581 0.06756 0.324286 1
0 0 -1 0 1 1 -1 -1
0 -1 -1 -1 3 1 -2 1
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 -1 -2 2 3 0 -1 -1
0 -1 2 -1 2 1 -1 -1
0 -1 -1 1 3 3 -2 1
0 1 -1 -1 2 2 -3 3
0 0 -3 2 3 1 -3 3
0 -1 1 -1 3 -3 -2 2
0 0 0 1 1 0 -1 1
0 -1 2 -2 3 1 0 1
0 -1 1 -1 3 1 1 0
0 1 -2 1 1 0 1 1
0 1 -1 1 3 1 -1 0
0 -3 3 -1 3 1 3 -2
0 1 -1 1 3 2 -1 1
0 -1 -1 1 3 2 1 2
0 1 -2 2 1 -2 1 2
0 1 0 1 2 -1 1 0
0 1 -1 2 3 1 2 -1
0 2 1 2 1 2 -1 1
0 1 2 2 3 1 1 -2
0 1 2 2 3 3 -2 1
0 2 1 1 3 1 -1 1
0 2 1 1 3 3 -2 2
0 1 -1 2 3 2 1 1
0 1 1 2 3 1 -2 3
0 1 1 2 3 2 0 2
0 1 1 2 1 0 2 2
0 1 2 1 2 3 2 1
0 1 3 1 3 3 -1 3
0 1 2 1 3 1 1 2
0 3 1 2 3 -1 -1 2
0 0 3 1 3 1 1 3
0 1 2 2 3 -1 1 2
0 2 2 2 3 -1 0 2
0 2 1 3 3 3 1 3
0 2 2 3 3 0 2 3
0 0 3 3 3 0 3 3
0 2 2 3 3 1 2 3
0 3 2 3 3 3 2 3
0 3 3 3 3 3 2 3
0 2 3 3 3 2 3 3
1 -3 -3 -3 1 2 -3 -3
1 -3 -3 -2 2 1 -3 -3
1 -2 -2 -2 -1 3 -2 -1
1 -2 -2 -3 1 1 -2 -1
1 -3 -2 -3 3 2 -1 -1
1 -1 -1 -1 1 3 -3 -1
1 -1 -1 -2 3 3 -3 -2
1 -1 -2 -2 3 1 -1 -2
1 1 -1 -1 0 -2 -1 -2
1 0 -1 -1 -2 1 2 -2
1 -3 1 -2 3 -2 -2 -1
1 -1 -3 -1 3 -2 -3 1
1 0 -2 -1 3 -1 -3 0
1 -1 -2 1 3 3 -3 -1
1 -2 3 -2 2 -2 -3 0
1 -1 -1 -1 1 3 -1 1
1 -2 2 -1 2 3 -2 -1
1 -1 -1 -1 2 3 -1 0
1 1 -3 2 3 -1 -3 -1
1 1 -1 -2 3 0 -2 0
1 -1 -1 -1 3 -3 -1 1
1 0 1 -1 2 3 -1 -1
1 1 2 -1 -1 3 -3 2
1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
1 -1 1 -1 3 -3 -2 0
1 -1 1 -1 2 -2 -1 0
1 1 -1 -1 1 3 2 -1
1 -2 -2 1 3 2 1 0
1 2 -1 0 2 -1 0 -1
1 0 1 -3 3 2 1 0
1 -1 1 -1 3 2 -1 1
1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1
1 -1 1 -1 3 3 -1 1
1 -1 1 0 3 -1 -1 1
1 1 -2 1 3 3 -1 1
1 2 -2 1 3 1 -1 1
1 -2 2 1 2 -3 2 0
1 -2 -2 3 3 -1 0 3
1 0 0 2 1 2 2 1
1 1 -1 2 3 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 3 2 -1 2
1 2 0 2 3 2 -1 2
1 1 1 1 3 1 2 1
1 1 2 3 3 3 -1 2
1 2 1 -2 3 2 3 3
1 0 1 2 3 1 2 3
1 2 2 3 3 0 3 1
1 3 3 2 3 2 3 1
1 3 2 3 3 1 2 3
1 3 3 3 3 2 3 3

This is a set of data from 100 people who completed a scale designed to measure optimism. The first item (column 1) is "Treatment" and refers to 50 people who were given no training in how to be optimistic (a control group - labeled with a zero) and 50 people who went through an optimism training program (labeled with a one). The next 7 columns each represent the 7 questions from the optimism scale.

The items are:

  1. In uncertain times, I usually expect the best
  2. It's easy for me to relax
  3. I'm always optimistic about my future
  4. I enjoy my friends a lot
  5. My life doesn't suck too much
  6. I don't get upset too easily
  7. Overall, I expect more good things to happen to me than bad

The participants rated each question on a -3 (definitely not) to a +3 (definitely) scale. The researcher believes that their "optimism program" helps people become more optimistic. The null hypothesis is thus that no difference exists between the treatment and control groups.

For this assignment I want you to answer the following questions:

  1. Are any of the seven optimism-scale questions "bad"? Tell me which one, and tell me how you know it's bad. (Hint: there is 1 bad question). - 4 points
  2. Run a split-half correlation on the remaining 6 items. What is the correlation? Does this indicate that the scale is acceptable? - 4 points
  3. Run a t-test to see if there is a difference between the control group and the treatment group. What is the t-value, and should you "reject the null hypothesis"? - 2 points

A couple more hints...

After reading the items you should see that you don't need to reverse code anything.The data is already "clean"

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