Turabi Ltd. is a company that manufactures and sells a single product, which they call a Toodle.For planning and control purposes they utilize a monthly master budget, which is usually developed at least six months in advance of the budget year. Their fiscal year end is December 31.

During the summer of 2007, Aliza, the Turabi controller, spent considerable time with Shabih Haider, the Manager of Marketing, putting together a sales forecast for the next budget year (January to December, 2008).Unfortunately, their collaboration worked so well they eloped to Lahore, were married by an Elvis impersonator, and settled down somewhere in the desert.Prior to their departure they e-mailed letters of resignation and a cryptic sales forecast to the President of Turabi.

Their sales forecast consisted of these few lines:

• For the year ended December 31, 2007: 475,000 units at Rs.10.00 each*
• For the year ended December 31, 2008: 500,000 units at Rs.10.00 each
• For the year ended December 31, 2009: 500,000 units at Rs.10.00 each

*Expected sales for the year ended December 31, 2007 are based on actual sales to date and budgeted sales for the duration of the year.

Turabi's President felt certain that the marriage wouldn't last, and expected Aliza would be back any day.But the end of the year is quickly approaching, and there is still no word from the desert.The President, desperately needing the budget completed, has approached you, a management accounting student of Iqra University, for help in preparing the budget for the coming fiscal year.Your conversations with the president and your investigations of the company's records have revealed the following information:

1.Peak months for sales correspond with gift-giving holidays.History shows that January, March, May and June are the slowest months with only 1% of sales for each month.Sales pick up over the summer with July, August and September each contributing 2% to the total.Marriages in February boosts sales to 5%, and Eid-ul-Fitr in April accounts for 10%.As Eid-ul Azha shopping picks up momentum, winter sales start at 15% in October, move to 20% in November and then peak at 40% in December.This pattern of sales is not expected to change in the next two years.

2.From previous experience, management has determined that an ending inventory equal to 25% of the next month's sales is required to fit the buyer's demands.

3.Because sales are seasonal, Turabi must rent an additional storage facility from September to December to house the additional inventory on hand.The only related cost is a flat Rs.20,000 per month, payable at the beginning of the month.

4.There is only one type of raw material used in the production of toodles.Space-age acrylic (SAA) is a very compact material that is purchased in powder form.Each toodle requires 5 kilograms of SAA, at a cost of Rs.0.45 per kilogram. The supplier of SAA tends to be somewhat erratic so Turabi finds it necessary to maintain an inventory balance equal to 40% of the following month's production needs as a precaution against stock-outs.Turabi pays for 20% of a month's purchases in the month of purchase, 45% in the following month and the remaining 35% two months after the month of purchase. There is no early payment discount.

5.Beginning accounts payable will consist of Rs.208,406.50 arising from the following estimated direct material purchases for November and December of 2007:

SAA purchases in November 2007:Rs.223,875.00

SAA purchases in December 2007Rs.162,563.50

6.Turabi's manufacturing process is highly automated, so their direct labour cost is low.Employees are paid on a per unit basis. Their total pay each month is, therefore, dependent on production volumes and averages Rs.9.00 per hour.This rate already includes the employer's portion of employee benefits.All payroll costs are paid in the period in which they are incurred.

Each unit spends a total of 18 minutes in production.

7.Due to the similarity of the equipment in each of the production stages and the company's concentration on a single product, manufacturing overhead is allocated based on volume (i.e. the units produced).The unit variable overhead manufacturing rate is Rs.1.30, consisting of:Utilities--Rs.0.60; Indirect Materials--Rs.0.20; Plant maintenance--Rs.0.30; environmental fee--Rs.0.14; and Other--Rs.0.06.

8.The fixed manufacturing overhead costs for the entire year are as follows:

Training and developmentRs.43,200

Property and business taxes 39,000

Supervisor's salary149,400

Amortization on equipment178,800

Insurance96,000

Other117,600

Rs. 624,000

The property and business taxes are paid on June 30 of each year. The expected payment for next year is Rs.39,600.

The annual insurance premium is paid at the beginning of September each year. There should be no change in the premium from last year.

All other "cash-related" fixed manufacturing overhead costs are incurred evenly over the year and paid as incurred.

Turabi uses the straight line method of amortization.

9.Selling and administrative expenses are known to be a mixed cost; however, there is a lot of uncertainty about the portion that is fixed.Previous year's experience has provided the following information:

Lowest level of sales:375,000 unitsTotal Operating Expenses: Rs.778,710

Highest level of sales:750,000 unitsTotal Operating Expenses: Rs.1,022,460

These costs are paid in the month in which they occur.Not included in the above expenses is bad debt expense.

10.Sales are on a cash and credit basis, with 55% collected during the month of the sale, 35% the following month, and 9.5% the month thereafter. of 1% of sales are considered uncollectible (bad debt expense).

11.Sales in November and December 2007 are expected to be Rs.700,000 and Rs.1,500,000 respectively.Based on the above collection pattern this will result in Accounts Receivable of Rs.734,000 at December 31, 2007 which will be collected in January and February, 2008.

12.During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, Turabi will be required to make monthly income tax installment payments of Rs.5,000.Outstanding income taxes from the year ended December 31, 2007 must be paid in April 2008. Income tax expense is estimated to be 25% of net income.Income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2008, in excess of installment payments, will be paid in April, 2009.

13.Turabi is planning to acquire additional manufacturing equipment for Rs.204,300 cash. 40% of this amount is to be paid in November 2008, the rest, in December 2008.The manufacturing overhead costs shown above already include the amortization on this equipment.

14.An arrangement has been made with the local bank that if Turabi maintains a minimum balance of Rs.20,000 in their bank account, they will be given a line of credit at a preferred rate of 6% per annum.All borrowing is considered to happen on the first day of the month, repayments are on the last day of the month.All borrowings and repayments from the bank should be in multiples of Rs.1,000 and interest must be paid at the end of each month.Interest is calculated on the balance at the beginning of the month, which includes any amounts borrowed that month.

15. Turabi Ltd. has a policy of paying dividends at the end of each quarter.The president tells you that the board of directors is planning on continuing their policy of declaring dividends of Rs.50,000 per quarter.

16.A listing of the estimated balances in the company's ledger accounts as of December 31, 2007 is given below:

Assets

Cash 83,365

Accounts receivable734,000

Inventory-raw materials9,000

Inventory-finished goods9,125

Prepaid Insurance64,000

Prepaid property and business taxes19,200

Capital assets (net)724,000

Total assetsRs.1, 642,690

Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity

Accounts payable208,407

Income taxes payable21,500

Capital stock1,000,000

Retained Earnings412,783

Total liabilities and shareholders' equityRs.1, 642,690

Required:

1.Prepare monthly master budget for Turabi for the year ended December 31, 2008, including the following schedules:

Sales Budget & Schedule of Cash Receipts

Production Budget

Direct Materials Budget & Schedule of Cash Disbursements

Direct Labour Budget

Manufacturing Overhead Budget

Ending Finished Goods Inventory Budget

Selling and Administrative Expense Budget

Cash Budget

2.Prepare budgeted income statement and a budgeted statement of retained earnings for the year ended December 31, 2008, using absorption costing.

3.Prepare budgeted balance sheet at December 31, 2008.

4.Prepare budgeted income statement for the year ended December 31, 2008, using variable costing.Assume per unit variable cost for 2007 was Rs.6.0520.