Two candidates, Upstanding and Scoundrel, are running for election and each candidate has three strategies: run a dirty campaign, run an issue-based campaign, and stay out of the race. Identify all the Nash equilibria in this game. Solutions are given as {Upstanding, Scoundrel}.

Scoundrel Dirty Issue-based Stay Out Dirty -2 -2 -4 3 4 0 -3 3 3 -2 4 0 Issue-based Upstanding Stay Out 0 4 04 0 0 {Dirty, Dirty} {Dirty, Issue-based} {Dirty, Stay Out} {Issue-based, Dirty} {Issue-based, Issue-based} {Issue-based, Stay Out} {Stay Out, Dirty} {Stay Out, Issue-based} {Stay Out, Stay Out} There are no Nash equilibria in this game Scoundrel Dirty Issue-based Stay Out Dirty -2 -2 -4 3 4 0 -3 3 3 -2 4 0 Issue-based Upstanding Stay Out 0 4 04 0 0 {Dirty, Dirty} {Dirty, Issue-based} {Dirty, Stay Out} {Issue-based, Dirty} {Issue-based, Issue-based} {Issue-based, Stay Out} {Stay Out, Dirty} {Stay Out, Issue-based} {Stay Out, Stay Out} There are no Nash equilibria in this game