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3. (a) Explain with the aid of suitably labelled diagrams the origin of errors associated with (i) quantization and (ii) sampling in the case of analog-to-digital (ADC) conversion. An 8-bit ADC has an analog input voltage range from -2.5 volts to +2.5 volts. If the resolution is to be no worse than 1/1000, how many bits per sample are required and what would be the resolution and quantum voltage step value? (3 marks) (b) Draw the circuit for a binary-weighted resistor digital-to-analog convertor (DAC) with 3 input bits. Explain how an analog output voltage equal to the appropriately weighted sum of each bit is generated. What is the advantage of the R-2R ladder network DAC over the binary-weighted resistor version. (3 marks) (c) Describe the principle of operation of an integrating ADC. Include a block diagram of the device and carefully labelled waveforms illustrating the dual slope for which the device is well known. Comment on its accuracy and speed of conversion and give one common application in which this device is used. (4 marks) 3. (a) Explain with the aid of suitably labelled diagrams the origin of errors associated with (i) quantization and (ii) sampling in the case of analog-to-digital (ADC) conversion. An 8-bit ADC has an analog input voltage range from -2.5 volts to +2.5 volts. If the resolution is to be no worse than 1/1000, how many bits per sample are required and what would be the resolution and quantum voltage step value? (3 marks) (b) Draw the circuit for a binary-weighted resistor digital-to-analog convertor (DAC) with 3 input bits. Explain how an analog output voltage equal to the appropriately weighted sum of each bit is generated. What is the advantage of the R-2R ladder network DAC over the binary-weighted resistor version. (3 marks) (c) Describe the principle of operation of an integrating ADC. Include a block diagram of the device and carefully labelled waveforms illustrating the dual slope for which the device is well known. Comment on its accuracy and speed of conversion and give one common application in which this device is used. (4 marks)