Unfair employment opportunities result from hiring, firing, promotions, compensation, perks, job training, and other decisions based on protected traits rather than job performance or qualifications. The main illegal discriminations that can cause these uneven opportunities are: Race/Color Discrimination: When employees are treated unfairly based on their race or skin color. Race-based prejudice can include hair texture and facial traits. Sexual/Gender Discrimination: This encompasses sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation discrimination. Gender bias, sexual harassment, and discrimination against transgender people and those who defy gender norms are included. Age discrimination: Treating someone less favorably because of their age, usually older workers. American workers over 40 are protected by the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)