Union and Company consistently face two complex issues in bargaining, contracting out and technological change. Companies need to maintain flexibility of operations while unions need to protect their membership against job loss.

Question 1 - Describe Contracting Out and then describe what could Companies suggest in way of language to get Union agreement to include Contracting Out language in CA? (10 marks)

Question 2 - Describe Technological Change and then describe what could Companies suggest in way of language to get Union agreement to include Tech Change language in CA? (10 marks)