Unit V:Public Policy /Welfare State

1.Social Welfare State over 50 % of our Federal Budget. Social Welfare vs "Welfare"

2.Social Welfare includes: Social Security, Medicare, Health, Welfare and Education.

a)Entitlements (Social Insurance) 35%* of Federal Budget; Not everyone is entitled

b)Means Tested 11-12%; Health and Education 6-8%

c)Largest category of Social Welfare Budget?

3.Federal Assistance "Welfare" 11 to 12% of budget

a)Medicaid not just welfare people but elderly are a large share of the recipients.

4.Profile of Adult Federal aid recipient? Gender

AgeEducation

Pigment

MarriedProblem_

5.Poverty Level: $26,650: 2018* Family of 4; (*8 million more 2001-2009).

a)Unemployed 3.6% in 2019; 1/3 of workers earned $16,000 or less in 2010

b)Children are the biggest group of poor by age. (19.7% in poverty)

c)Low income households around $39,600 for a Family of 4 include 50% of all children.

d)20 Million more Americans insured by Obamacare by 2017.

6.Spending by Federal Government as % of GDP ($20+ Trillion) is around 22%

a)Sweden spends 50-60% of GDP so must tax higher or lower?

b)US 5 million federal employees (Cuts on State Level)

c)State of California: Education largest spending category

7.Income on Federal Level: 2001, 2008

a)Income.................. 48%........ 45%

b)Payroll.................. 34%........ 35%

c)Corporate tax........10%........ 12%

d)Borrowing..............7% Surplus.. 2001 2.4%*; 2011 -$1,439 Billion; 2019 -$ 1 Trillion+?

e)Deficit................... 2.5% of GDP* in 2015, 17% increase to Deficit in 2018

8.Does the Welfare State work? Are the programs of the Great Society effective?

a)196225% of Americans in poverty or 40 million

b)197312%

c)199513.8% or 36.4 million

d)201513.5% or 43.1 million

e)201712.7% or 40.3 million; 2018 11.8% or 38.1 million

9.Foreign and Defense policy still part of Unit V and welfare state?

a)Know who are the main foreign policy leaders/advisors

b)Defense is 23% of Federal Budget (including Veterans and foreign aid) and used to be 60% of federal income tax if include space; Single Largest individual Spending Program

c)Defense: 2011: $910 Billion; 2015: $598.5 Billion+; 2017: $582.5 Billion; 2019 $720 Billion

10.Keynsian Demand-side fiscal policy with government spending works better for the middle-class; Supply-side upper-class tax cuts fiscal policy works better for the top 1%. Trump attempting a mixture.

.

*Projected or conservative estimates