Urban Courier Ltd.("UCL") is a company that provides courier services in Toronto.Its main business is in the downtown core.Its clients include professional organizations such as law firms, accounting firms, insurance companies, as well as various other types of clients.The actual physical work of picking up parcels from one location and transporting them to another location (or sometimes to the UCL premises) is done by a team of sixteen bicycle couriers.They work typically 40 hours per week, although there are certain periods in the year when volume of work fluctuates, resulting in an increase (or decrease) in weekly hours.There are two shifts.On average, eight couriers work from 7am to 3pm, and the other eight work from 11am to 6pm each day.In a typical day, couriers report to the UCL offices at the start of their shift.Inside UCL offices each courier is provided printed sheets outlining their pre-booked deliveries for the day.These sheets are prepared by the UCL dispatch supervisor.These pre-booked deliveries typically account for about 75% of the deliveries that a courier will do each day.However, each courier is also required to make him/herself available, during their entire shift, to receive instructions from UCL dispatch supervisor about additional "rush" orders that are received throughout the day.Given this obligation to at least be "on call" even when they may not have a delivery for a few short periods of time during the day, none of the couriers are able to do any other form of work for remuneration during their UCL shift times; it is simply not feasible to do so, in their view.In assigning rush orders to couriers, the dispatch supervisor attempts to distribute work evenly across the couriers to a great degree, but the dispatch supervisor may also take into account which courier is the closest to the pickup location at the time of assignment.UCL provides each courier with a "smartphone" with GPS tracking functionality, so that UCL may determine approximately where each courier is at any time, and so that it may send instructions throughout the day to couriers on these smartphones.The smartphones are kept in the UCL offices.If a courier ceases to perform services for UCL, UCL keeps the smartphone and assigns it to another courier.Couriers pick up their smartphones at the start of each shift, and return them at the end of each shift.Couriers own and maintain their own bicycles.Couriers are paid primarily on a "piece-work" basis, not an hourly rate.They are paid a flat fee of $2.50 per parcel, plus an additional $1 per kilometer.For each full week they work during assigned shifts, they are also given an additional $25 payment for bicycle maintenance.

Recently, Igor, one of the couriers, received an email from the general manager of UCL saying that Igor would no longer be working with UCL.Igor tried to contact the general manager to ask for the reason for this, but his emails and calls were not returned.When Igor asked the dispatch supervisor why he was no longer allowed to work at UCL, the dispatcher told him it was not his decision but that as far as he knew, UCL does not have a practice of providing "official reasons" when they are "letting somebody go".When Igor responded that he thought he was at least entitled to some sort of payment for "notice" of termination, the dispatch supervisor told Igor that he was not entitled to this because he was an "independent contractor".

Explain five legal factors or "tests" involved in addressing the issue of whether Igor is an employee or not, and commentvery brieflyon how each of these would likely apply here in this fact scenario, to the extent that you can, based on the given facts