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Question 1 [20]:

• Chapter 1 discusses the nature and importance of leadership. The different theories of leadership are explored, as well as the various leadership roles that exist. It is important to note that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to leadership and that the most effective leaders are those who are able to adapt their style to the specific situation.
• Chapter 2 discusses the difference between leadership and management. The changing African context is also explored and how it affects leadership and management. It is important to note that leadership and management are not the same thing, and that effective leaders are those who are able to combine both styles in order to achieve the best results.
• Chapter 3 discusses the African context and how it affects leadership. The chapter looks at the history of leadership in Africa and how it has evolved over time. It also discusses the challenges that leaders face in the contemporary African context.
• Chapter 4 discusses leadership in a multicultural context. The chapter looks at the challenges that leaders face when leading a team of people from different cultural backgrounds. It also discusses the importance of understanding and respecting cultural differences.
• Chapter 5 discusses self-leadership and leadership development. The chapter looks at the importance of self-awareness and self-reflection in order to develop as a leader. It also discusses the different leadership development programmes that are available.
• Chapter 6 discusses leadership traits. The chapter looks at the different traits that are associated with effective leaders. It is important to note that not all leaders will have all of the traits, but the most effective leaders are those who are able to adapt their style to the specific situation.
• Chapter 7 discusses charismatic and transformational leadership. The chapter looks at the characteristics of transformational leaders. It is important to note that not all leaders will be charismatic or transformational, but the most effective leaders are those who are able to inspire and motivate others.
• Chapter 8 discusses ethics in leadership. The chapter looks at the importance of ethics in the workplace. It also discusses the different ethical principles that leaders should adhere to.
• Chapter 9 discusses leadership power and influence. The chapter looks at the different ways in which leaders can exercise power and influence. It is important to note that leaders should use their power and influence for good and not for personal gain.
• Chapter 10 discusses team leadership and motivation. The chapter looks at the importance of leadership in team effectiveness. It also discusses the different motivation theories and how to handle team conflict.
• Chapter 11 discusses feminist leadership. The chapter looks at the importance of gender equality in leadership. It also discusses the different barriers that women face when trying to enter leadership positions.

• In conclusion, the study guide has provided me with a comprehensive overview of the nature and importance of leadership. I have also learned about the different theories of leadership and the various leadership roles that exist.
• I have also learned about the difference between leadership and management, and the changing African context. I have also learned about leadership in a multicultural context, and the importance of self-leadership and leadership development. I have also learned about leadership traits, and the different styles of leadership.
• Lastly, I have learned about ethics in leadership, leadership power and influence, team leadership and motivation, and feminist leadership.

Question 2 [20]:

Introduction:

The Autocratic or Dictatorial leader is one who uses fear and threat to get the task done, entertains no suggestion and no initiative from subordinates, doesn't trust anybody, uses high down communication and cares less about the welfare of employees (Van Eerden, 2009). The Democratic/Participative leader on the other hand encourages decision making from different views, consults and uses persuasive techniques, applies two-way communication and cares about employees. This kind of leadership can be very helpful in businesses where creative ideas are necessary, the other leadership style is the paternal leader who acts fatherly and can be considered a benevolent dictator. In this framework, paradigms are considered to be broad sets of ideas organized according to time of their emergence and also on various continua reflecting different aspects of leadership. (Van Eerden, 2009).

Explanation:

Leadership power is derived from the leader's innate skills and leadership dominance is through respect and power to command and control. The source of follower commitment is fear or respect, getting rewards or avoiding punishment. The Transactional and Situational theories are dominant in the Transactional paradigm and do influence the Democratic/Participative leadership style because in this case the concept of leadership is social influence over and considered followers, and creating appropriate management environments. The Participative leadership theories influence the laissez-faire leadership style because the concept of leadership is mutual sense. The Paternalistic leadership style where leaders act fatherly and can be considered a benevolent dictator is influenced by a hybrid of Great Man/Traits theories. Situational theories because here leader personal appeal is important but part of consultation and paternal support to subordinates also exists (Van Eerden, 2009).

Leadership dominance is through respect and power to command and control. The source of follower commitment is respect and getting rewards although the leader's vision may be a point.

Conclusion:

In their study on leadership styles and associated personality traits, Van Eerden (2009) proposed the full range Model of leadership which has behavioural, transactional leadership and transformational leadership. The shepherd walks at the front of the flock as he searches for better grazing, and the sheep follow him. The fruit enjoyed when such efforts are going to be your ability to exercise true power, or in other words, people will trust you to the point that when you ask them to do something, they will do it because they want to.

Question 3:

Introduction:

The article discusses key elements of the present-day political management in South Africa as a factor of departure. The article additionally discusses the theological basis and key standards of servant management so as to observe them to the present-day kingdom of political management in South Africa Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: Servant management standards as mentioned from a theological factor of view are implemented to the elements of political management in South Africa.

Explanation:

In servant management, the chief does now no longer best serve however is likewise selfless. Corruption withinside the public management and in political decision-making is a primary enemy of people who want to make a proper attempt to address the undertaking of poverty (Kgatle 2017:3). Servant management allows to fight corruption and produce it below manipulate due to the fact servant leaders are privy to others than themselves. In servant management, there's public duty.

A servant chief asks open-ended and follow-up queries as a be counted in fact, now no longer definitely as soon as one aspect is wrong. it's the opposite of the servant management version. Be a green chief, it`s vital to increase your selflessness, meaning you appearance out for the desires and wellness of others earlier than you watched that regarding your very own.This could be nevertheless vital beneath Neath the servant management version, it`s at the same time as vital to foster the occasion of each group member`s decision-making skill, verbal exchange skills, and big-photograph thinking.

The present-day political management in South Africa have to additionally examine from their very own former leaders consisting of Nelson Mandela, who won honour and status thru humility and carrier to the humans of South Africa. The present-day political leaders have to lead with the aid of using example. The pleasant manner to address abuse of power, corruption and shortage of duty at a nearby degree is to guide with the aid of using example. Empowering body of workers beneath Neath the servant management version promotes alignment among their very own experience of cause and additionally the company`s overarching mission.

Servant leaders as stewards are capable of account to their fans due to the fact, they've the expertise that public cash isn't their very own cash. The present-day political management in South Africa have to examine from agencies like Starbucks, Southwest Airlines and Google that servant management can make certain the fulfilment of an organisation. Starbucks Corporation changed into capable of boom its income with the aid of using forming partnerships with personnel, contributing to the enhancement in their network and main with the aid of using example. Similarly, Southwest Airlines changed into capable of boom the quantity of its operations, wide variety of personnel and income with the aid of using prioritising customer support instead of simply flying humans to special destinations.

Bbody of workers sense better capable of recognize their very own capability and imagination as soon as the chief values various, person strengths. Motivation Servant leaders provide excessive tiers of help to body of workers, that fuels motivation and engagement. Accountability As a servant chief, you are the engine that generates a manner of network and cooperation. Similarly, the servant chief can domesticate pleasant surroundings inside which body of workers sense comfortable and now no longer susceptible with the aid of using expressing unique proceedings or asking queries.

Conclusion:

The elements of the political management in South Africa mentioned in this text include, amongst others, abuse of power, corruption and shortage of public duty. In reaction to those elements, the object demonstrates that servant management is a pressing fashion for the present-day kingdom of political management in South Africa.

Question 4:

Introduction:

The essay will discuss the importance of ethical behaviour for leaders in the South African work context. It will also explore the strategies that can be used by leaders to ensure that they exhibit ethical behaviour. The essay will conclude with a discussion of the role that African leaders play in ensuring good governance in their respective countries.

Explanation:

Another eective behavior-focused self-leadership strategy involves seeing goals for oneself. Also, the eectiveness of goals is improved if they are in public explicit, specialize in behavior change, and are short-range rather than distant. Self-goal seeing with regard to ethical behavior amongst leaders within the South African work context ought to so be very specic and short-range. Leaders within the South African work context can even inform colleagues of their moral intentions and moral actions in dicult things, which might facilitate to form acclimate of moral thoughts and behavior in the work place.

Regular conferences amongst leaders, wherever self-goals with respect to ethical behavior are mentioned and inspired, can help leaders to gaining goals. Analysis suggests that associate degree employee who is functioning towards an ethics-related goal ought to reward himself/herself when improvement is formed, however mustn`t dwell on self-criticism if associate degree moral goal isn't achieved in a timely manner. at intervals the South African work situation, leaders mustn't solely produce positive consequences for themselves once desired behaviors are, however additionally produce positive consequences for colleagues once incidents of desired behavior are rumored.The nal behavior-focused self-leadership strategies are cooperation and proactive networking.

Leaders within the South African work situation might favor to specialize in pride in their workmanship or the intrinsic price of their work, which can contribute to the reduction of unethical behavior. Constructive thought pattern methods like utilizing rational beliefs, positive self-talk, and imaging will contribute to ethical conduct amongst leaders in South Africa. Ebben van Zyl By applying this within the South African work scenario, leaders may specialize in however ethics in conduct should be adhered to in any respect times, which can reduce unethical conduct amongst leaders. "The second discovery is that of building an infrastructure of new leaders, where older leaders share their wisdom and pass on good African values to the next generation."

"Good leadership in Africa always shares life to others." As a new and developing community, we expect good governance from the new leaders, especially in the area of interpersonal care and service to others." Good governance requires that African leaders should lead and give direction for the benefit of the community/villagers. This process will ensure that they continue add on the top of the globe of solar calendar month in Dar number ninety-nine Salaam, the Economic Commission for continent often a political ploy to remain would-be leaders from specializing in results and strategic direction.

Despite that indisputable fact that many leaders try and keep their ears to very cheap, most leadership in continent is adaptative to reactive deciding processes as against a proactive nature - specifically to the context of dire development constraints facing most of the population on the continent. African leaders, the utmost quantity as what the globe economy is poised to grow, we have the tapering end inside the U. S. A. and thus, the potential meltdown of the Eurozone, with FRG, realm and thus the Baltics gap up but consolidating their currencies - often impactful for continent.

Conclusion:

One of the most important traits of a leader is exhibiting ethical behaviour. This is because leaders are expected to set the tone for the rest of the organisation and their followers. If leaders do not exhibit ethical behaviour, it is likely that their followers will also not behave in an ethical manner.

There are a number of strategies that leaders can use to ensure that they exhibit ethical behaviour. One of these is setting goals for oneself. This is because goals help to focus one's attention on the desired behaviour. Additionally, it is important that the goals are in public, so that others are aware of the leader's intention to behave in an ethical manner.

Another strategy that leaders can use to ensure that they exhibit ethical behaviour is cooperating with others. This is because cooperation helps to build trust and mutual respect. Additionally, it is important for leaders to be proactive in their networking. This is because proactive networking helps to build relationships with others.

Question 5:

This recommendation will include critical capabilities that include technical competencies. Company competencies including techniques and customer expectations. Additionally, it will include, Behavioral Capabilities as well as

Listening capabilities. It will determine the market in order to determine what customers' expectations are.

Explanation:

The advice that I want to provide Johan regarding the critical capabilities that he desires to have so that it will stress the long-term growth of the company within the rural places first.

He must grow technical competencies which is probably required to have an extensive expertise on the technical problems of the commercial company. This will make it easy to triumph over the immoderate troubles which is probably encountered through being able to understand all the elements of company.

He wants to have business company capabilities that includes expertise within the areas of sales. Being able to confirm the technique of the opposition and moreover the customer's expectations.

Certain behavioral capabilities that include dispositions which incorporates self-control, persistent, ad be able to adapt to trade so that it will be successful. These capabilities are critical so that it will control the commercial company effectively and characteristic better results.

The behavioral capabilities make it feasible to face the worrying conditions that arises which incorporates those coming from employees, the market.

This moreover includes being resilient, making suitable judgement etc.

He must form proper verbal exchange capabilities. This makes it feasible to effectively speak their business company plans to employees and all stakeholders which is probably involved.

Listening capabilities are also critical in ascertaining the market state of affairs and so that it will find out the taste and opportunities of the customers.

This consists of being able to pay interest actively and taking note of the customer's expectation.

Conclusion:

The recommendation that I will give Johan regarding the critical capabilities that he goals includes developing;

Technical capabilities which are probably needed to have an extensive expertise on the technical problems of the commercial company.

Company capabilities that include expertise withinside the areas of sales. Being able to confirm the technique of the opposition and moreover the customer's expectations behavioral capabilities that include dispositions which incorporates self-control, persistent, ad be able to adapt to trade so that it will be successful.

He must form proper verbal exchange capabilities. This makes it feasible to effectively speak their business company plans to employees and all stakeholders which is involved.

Question 6 [10]

Introduction:

The attractive leadership vogue depends on the charm and power of the leader. attractive leaders` area unit driven by their convictions and commitment to their cause. Origins of self-leadership According to Alves, Lovelace, Manz, Matsypura, Toyasaki and Ke, the construct of self-leadership emerged out of the notion of self-management, and relates to the method the method oneself. Manz and Neck provided a comprehensive historical summary of the construct of self-leadership and the way it's connected ideas, together with self-regulation and self-management.

Explanation:

Self-leadership is usually delineated as a broader construct of self-induced that subsumes the behaviour-focused methods of self-regulation, self-control, and self-management, so sets of cognitive-orientated methods derived from intrinsic motivation theories, social cog-native theories, and positive psychological science. Thus, drawing from these well-established theoretical foundations, self-leadership includes sets of behavioural and psychological feature methods to form individual outcomes.

On his 1st day as chief executive officer of the Carlsberg cluster, Cees `t Hart was given a key card by his assistant. The cardboard latched out all the opposite floors for the elevator in order that he may go on to his corner workplace on the twentieth floor. Since the elevator didn`t stop at alternative floors and solely a choose cluster of executives worked on the twentieth floor, he seldom interacted with alternative Carlsberg staff. Cees set to modify from his corner workplace on the twentieth floor to an empty table in an open-floor arrange on a lower floor.

Egoistic and narcissistic leaders are those who excessively focus on themselves and their own needs and wants. They are often self-absorbed and lack empathy for others. These leaders can be charming and persuasive, but they can also be manipulative and exploitative. They may be skilled at getting what they want, but they often do so at the expense of others.

One example of an egoistic and narcissistic leader is Donald Trump. Trump is known for his self-promotion and grandiose statements. He often speaks about himself in the third person and is quick to take credit for any successes. Trump is also known for his lack of empathy, as evidenced by his comments about Mexican immigrants, Muslims, and women. Trump has been able to use his charisma to gain support from his followers, but his egoistic and narcissistic tendencies have also led to criticism and division.

Conclusion:

Due to this, we tend to lose perspective and find yourself in a very leadership bubble wherever we tend to solely see and listen to what we wish to. As a result, we tend to lose bit with the individuals we tend to lead, the culture we tend to area unit a section of, and ultimately our purchasers and stakeholders.

If we tend to believe we`ve found the universal key to leading individuals, we`ve simply lost it.

Reference List:

1. Van Zyl, E., Pietersen, E., Dalglish, C., Du Plessis, M., Lues, L., Ngunjiri, F. & Kablan, P. 2015 (reprinted in 2020). Leadership in the African context. Cape Town, South Africa: Juta

2. Eerden, P. and Pajak, F., 2009.Paul van der Eerden, poudre aux moineaux, dust for sparrows =. Paris: Buchet Chastel.

3.https://www.academia.edu/52250185/Leadership_in_the_African_context_words_on_leadership

4.https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/73258

5.Kgatle, M.S., 2017. Servant leadership: An urgent style for the current political leadership in South Africa.Verbum et Ecclesia,39(1), pp.1-9.

6.Rosenthal, Seth A., and Todd L. Pittinsky. "Narcissistic leadership."The leadership quarterly17.6 (2006): 617-633.

7.Post, Jerrold M. "Narcissism and the charismatic leader-follower relationship."Political psychology(1986): 675-688.