Use R studio:

In a matrix X (consisting of 0, 1, 2) Store four similar copies of the matrix in an array, once by shifting it by one coordinate to the left, once by shifting it by one coordinate to the right, once by shifting it by one coordinate up and once by shifting it by one coordinate up.

Fill the dimension in each layer of the array that does not exist by NA. Then use the apply function to calculate the number of 1 in the matrix.