Use R to answer the questions in Parts 1-3 below and save your work. Copy your answers (including images of any graphs) into a Word document and also include the R script used to answer the questions in your submission. Part 1 Answer the following questions using the data contained in the accompanying Assignment 1 Data files. These files contain six Samples taken from the population of Galpagos penguins. The samples were not necessarily all sampled in the same way. The population has a mean weight of 2.50 kg, a standard deviation of 1.00 kg. About 2000 Galpagos penguins remain in the wild. Do and record the following: 1) Create a histogram for each Sample. Make sure you follow the principles of good graph design including using an appropriate number of bins. 2) Briefly describe (1-2 sentences) each of the distributions in the histograms (e.g., skew, mode, location). 3) For each Sample calculate the following and place them into an appropriate display table in Word: n, , s, s, SE, y . Use one more significant digit than in the original values. 4) How do SEy and y compare among Samples 1-3? What explains this pattern (1-2 sentences)? 5) How does the sampling of Samples 1-3 differ from that of Samples 4-6 (note: they differ in a specific way)? Briefly explain (1-2 sentences). 6) What graphing method (other than histograms) would be best to compare the Samples and why (1-2 sentences)? 7) Create a figure comparing the Samples using the method you selected in 6). Part 2 For the following scenario perform the best statistical analysis that you can in R to test the hypothesis. Include your null and alternate hypotheses, your test statistic, the degrees of freedom and Pvalue, a conclusion with regards to your statistical hypotheses, and an overall (biological) conclusion. A biologist is studying a lineage of fish that recently (in evolutionary time) dispersed from its ancestral marine habitat to freshwater lakes and rivers. The biologist hypothesized that diversification would happen more rapidly in lakes than rivers due to the greater variation in habitat within lakes. To test this, she counted the number of descendant species in the lakes and rivers colonized by the ancestral lineage and found 42 species in the lakes and 18 species in the rivers. Note that there were twice as many lakes as rivers. Part 3 For the following scenario: a) produce the best graph of the data you can using R and b) perform the best statistical analysis that you can in R to test the hypothesis. Include your null and alternate hypotheses, your test statistic, the degrees of freedom and Pvalue, a conclusion with regards to your statistical hypotheses, and an overall (biological) conclusion. Your friend is a clinical researcher studying the neurodegenerative disorder Parkinson's disease. Based on some preliminary research they hypothesized that regular coordinated movement may help to slow the progression of the disease. To test this, they randomly recruit 100 patient volunteers that have recently been diagnosed with Parkinson's. Half of the patients attend dance classes twice a week, while the other half attend social group events twice a week that lack the dance component (control). After three months, patients' progression was measured and recorded as either fast or slow based on expected average rates. 38 and 21 patients in the dance and control groups, respectively, were rated slow. After collecting the data your friend turns to you to complete the statistical analysis.