Use the article below to answer the following questions:

I _ An article in Forbes (January 18, 2017) reported that: The United States (US.) is the fifth largest sugar producer and fifth largest consumer of sugar in the world. The US sugar industry has enjoyed trade protection since 1789 when Congress enacted the first tariff againstforeign-produced sugar. Since then, the LLS gornment has continued to provide trade support and protection for its domestic sugar industry. The framework for the current US sugar program has its roots in the so-called "Farm enacted in 1990 The form bill is the primary vehicle for setting US sugar policy and tfwt policy is currently based on three main pillars: price support through preferential loon agreements, domestic market controls ond tariff-rote quotas. 'n fiscal year (FY) 2013, Americans consumed 12 million tons of refined sugar, with the average price for raw sugar 6 cents per gourd higher than the overage world price. When answering the following questions consider the following groups: consumers, producers, agricultural landowners (specific factor), non-agricultural workers (non specific factor). What groups In the U.S. benefit from the LJ_S. trade restrictions on sugar? . How do these groups benefit? What groups In the are harmed by the US. trade restrictions on sugar? How are these groups harmed? _ What groups outside the LI.S_ are affected by the US. trade restrictions on sugar? How are these groups affected? If there are far more sugar consumers in the IJ_S_ than sugar producers, then why do these trade g. restrictions continue, i.e. why don't consumers exert political pressure on Congress to remove the restrictions? 2_ To protect LLS_ jobs in the agricultural equipment industry, Congress could impose a specific tariff or persuade foreign producers of agricultural equipment to agree to a voluntary export restraint agreement. Which of these two policies (tariff or quota) is likely to be less damaging to the LLS_? In your answer discuss the different outcomes caused by: I) the terms of trade effect of a tariff; and 2) who is assigned the quota rents (domestic importers or foreign exporters). What happens to the following under each of the two policies (Increase; decrease; or uncertain): Ill. The LIS price of agricultural equipment The quantity of agricultural equipment imported into the US. The quality of imported agricultural equipment