Question
Using data from household surveys, you have determined that the typical low-income household has a monthly income of $2400. The household's preferences are represented by
Using data from household surveys, you have determined that the typical low-income household has a monthly income of $2400. The household's preferences are represented by the utility function,
U = x2 y,
where x represents the quantity of electricity consumed, measure in Megawatt hours (Mwh), and y represents the quantity of the composite good consumed. The associate marginal utilities are,
MUx = 2xy and MUy = x2
The price of electricity is currently Px = $100 per Mwh, and the price of the composite good is normalised to Py = 1.
Step 1: Derive the marginal rate of substitution for the typical low-income household.
Step 2: Find the household's electricity demand function, and composite good demand function. Use Px to represent the price of electricity. You should substitute for Py and I using the values in the scenario.
Step 3: Find the household's optimal consumption basket under the initial prices (no tax). What utility does the household derive from this basket?
Step 4: Find the household's optimal consumption basket if a carbon tax is applied to electricity. What utility does the household derive from this basket?
Step 5: What level of compensation must the government provide to the low-income household to restore its welfare to the pre-tax level. Hint: The decomposition consumption basket delivers the initial level of utility at the final prices.
I need help with Step 5. Please explain how to go about solving this step.
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