Using the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct, for each of the following situations, identify the relevant code section and determine if a violation is present.

1. The firm of Tom & Jerry, CPAs, provides tax services, management advisory services, and bookkeeping services and conducts audits for the same nonpublic client.Because the firm is small, the same person often provides all the services.
2. Diana Smith is a CPA but not a partner with 3 years of professional experience with Dale & Evans, CPAs.She owns 25 shares of stock in an audit client of the firm, but she does not take part in the audit of the client, and the amount of stock is not material in relation to her total net worth.
3. Five small Portland CPA firms have become involved in an information project by taking part in an interfirm working paper review program. Under the program, each firm designates two partners to review the audit files, including the tax returns and the financial statements of another CPA firm taking part in the program.At the end of each review, the auditors who prepared the working papers and the reviewers have a conference to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the audit. They do not obtain authorization from the audit client before the review takes place.
4. Frank Jones is a financial analyst in the financial reporting department of Pumpernickel, a privately held corporation.Frank was asked to prepare several journal entries for Pumpernickel related to transactions that have not yet occurred.The entries are reflected in financial statements that the company recently provided to the bank in connection with an outstanding loan due to the bank.
5. Martha Stewart is a CPA and professor of accounting at a major state university.One of her former students recently sat for the CPA exam.One day, the student dropped by Martha's office and told her about many of the questions and simulations on the exam.Martha was grateful for the information, which will be helpful as she prepares the course syllabus for the next semester.
6. Raul, CPA, has been the audit partner in charge of the audit for Everlasting, Inc., for 5 years.Raul has a great relationship with Everlasting's board and senior management.
7. If Everlasting is a public company, what problems are presented by this situation?
8. If Everlasting is a private company, what problems are presented by this situation?Hint: Think threats and safeguards.