Using the GCI Database and Country Score Card, select five (5) variables that have a negative impact on the level of real GDP and/or the growth rate of real GDP per capita.

1. The Series code and Series name for variables from the GCI / the Subindex and variable name for variables from the GHC. This is necessary so others will know where to find the variables.

2. The actual value and score for that variable.

3. An explanation/definition of what is being measured

4. An explanation of why this has a negative impact on the level and/or the growth rate of real GDP per capita. This explanation should connect to the content on Long Run Economic Growth. Make an explicit connection between low scores on this variable and how it is interfering with the ability of the country to raise the level and/or growth rate of GDP per capita as explained in the chapter content.

Select no more than one variable from each GCI Pillar or GHC Subindex. Include variables from both databases.

Do not use the Unemployment rate variable included in the GHC report under Deployment.

Do not use variables listed under Key Indicators in the GHC report. Stick to those listed under the four subindices: Capacity, Deployment, Development, and Know-How.

Do not use variables from the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 7th, and 10thPillars of the GCI database.

rank Canada out of 130 countries 14 score 73.06 30 distribution of countries by scores 100 SCORE AT GLANCE KEY INDICATORS Total population (1,000s) 36,290 Capacity GOP per capita (US$, PPP) 43,088 Mean years of education [years) 13.1 Median age of population (years) 40.5 Healthy life expectancy (years) 72.3 Working age population (1,000s) 24,480 Labour force participation inte (56) 65.7 Deployment Know-how Unemployment rate (#) 7.0 Youth not in employment, education or training rain (#6) 10.3 Output per worker (USS, PPP 83,370 Mean monthly earnings (US$, PPP) Mean monthly earnings for high-skiled workers (US$, PPP) Mean monthly earnings for medium-skiled workers (US$, PPP) Development Mean monthly earnings for low-skilled workers (US$, PPP) Public spending on education (% of GDP) 5.2 Public spending on social security, working age ($% of GDP) 2.3 Canada score Public spending on social security, retired (16 of GOP) 4.4 average score Pension scheme coverage share (5% of working age pop) 68.4 COUNTRY SCORE CARD 0-14 age group 15-24 mgo group 25-54 mgo group 55-64 aga group 65+ aga group 16 of population 18 0 12.8 41.2 137 18.8 Capacity cani 80.4 rink 15 Literacy and numeracy 10010 100.0 Primary education attainment rate 160 21 28 Secondary education attainment rate 24 23 74 794 Tertiary education attainment rate Deployment cani 72.0 mink 32 Labour force participation rate 84.8 .S 15 51 860 850 57 14.1 14.1 81 Employment gender gap 101 100 0 iL 84 845 Unemployment rate 138 418 4.8 628 109 Underemployment rain 3.8 780 22 19 858 107 88.8 15 Development scan 74.1 rink 22 Primary education enrolment rate 015 905 14 Quality of primary schools 515 752 Secondary education enrolment rate Secondary enrolment gender gap Vocational education enrolment rate 78 7.8 07 Tertiary education enrolment rate 589 584 43 Skill diversity of graduates 2 0.12 083 1 Quality of education system 1 52 803 15 Extent of stall training 4.8 807 27 Know-how schol 65.8 rink 20 High-skiled employment shame 44.1 44.1 17 Medium-skiled employment share 920 920 39 Economic complexity 0.48 580 Availability of skilled employees 1 52 809 18 ccaption applySeries code Series name Series units Attribute Canada Property rights 0-100 (best) SCORE 74.45 Global Competitiveness Index 4.0 0-100 SCORE 79.59 1.14 Property rights 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.63 1.14 Property rights 0-100 (best) SCORE 77.19 1st pillar: Institutions 0-100 (best) SCORE 74_08 1.15 Intellectual property 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.47 Security 0-100 (best) SCORE 86.03 1.15 Intellectual property 0-100 (best) SCORE 74.5 1.01 Organized crime 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.23 1.16 Quality of land admi 0-30 (best) VALUE 21.5 1.01 Organized crime 0-100 (best) SCORE 70.53 1.16 Quality of land admi 0-100 (best) SCORE 71.67 1.02 Homicide rate per 100,000 pop. VALUE 1.8 Corporate governance 0-100 (best) SCORE 79.55 1.02 Homicide rate 0-100 (best) SCORE 95.59 1.17 Strength of auditing 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.g 1.03 Terrorism incidence 0-100 (best) SCORE 98.81 1.17 Strength of auditing 0-100 (best) SCORE 81.64 1.04 Reliability of police : 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.75 1.18 Conflict of interest ri 0-10 (best) VALUE 8.7 1.04 Reliability of police : 0-100 (best) SCORE 79.2 1.18 Conflict of Interest n 0-100 (best) SCORE 87 Social capital 0-100 (best) SCORE 63.29 1.19 Shareholder govern 0-10 (best) VALUE 7 1.05 Social capital 0-100 (best) SCORE 63.29 1.19 Shareholder govern 0-100 (best) SCORE 70 Checks and balances 0-100 (best) SCORE 72.19 Future orientation of government 0-100 (best) SCORE 69.09 1.06 Budget transparencybest) SCORE 71 Government adaptability 0-100 (best) SCORE 58.52 1.07 Judicial independent-7 (best) VALUE 5.65 1.2 Government ensurir 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.89 1.07 Judicial independent 0-100 (best) SCORE 77.42 1.2 Government ensurir 0-100 (best) SCORE 64.85 1.08 Efficiency of legal fri 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.36 1.21 Government's respc 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.25 1.08 Efficiency of legal fri 0-100 (best) SCORE 56.02 1.21 Government's respc 0-100 (best) SCORE 54.22 1.09 Freedom of the pre: 0-100 (worst) VALUE 15.69 1.22 Legal framework's a 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.48 1.09 Freedom of the pre: 0-100 (best) SCORE 84.31 1.22 Legal framework's a 0-100 (best) SCORE 58 Public-sector performance 0-100 (best) SCORE 67.01 1.23 Government long-te 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.42 1.1 Burden of governme 1-7 (best) VALUE 3.9 1.23 Government long-te 0-100 (best) SCORE 57.02 1.1 Burden of governme 0-100 (best) SCORE 48.31 Commitment to sustainability 0-100 (best) SCORE 79.65 1.11 Efficiency of legal fri 1-7 (best) VALUE 47 1.24 Energy efficiency re 0-100 (best) VALUE 87.69 1.11 Efficiency of legal fri 0-100 (best) SCORE 61.72 1.24 Energy efficiency re 0-100 (best) SCORE 87.68 1.12 E-Participation 0-1 (best) VALUE 0.91 1.25 Renewable energy : 0-100 (best) VALUE 82 28 1.12 E-Participation 0-100 (best) SCORE 91.01 1.25 Renewable energy 1 0-100 (best) SCORE 82 29 Transparency 0-100 (best) SCORE 81 1.26 Environment-related count (out of 29) VALUE 20 1.13 Incidence of corrupt 0-100 (best) SCORE 81 1.26 Environment-related 0-100 (best) SCORE 68.972nd pillar: Infrastructure 0-100 (best) SCORE 80.78 Current workforce 0-100 (best) SCORE 79.09 Transport Infrastructure 0-100 (best) SCORE 65.65 6.01 Mean years of scho years VALUE 13.8 Road 0-100 (best) SCORE 82.94 6.01 Mean years of scho 0-100 (best) SCORE 92 2.01 Road connectivity 0-100 (best) SCORE 98.66 Skills of current workforce 0-100 (best) SCORE 66.19 2.02 Quality of road infra 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.03 6.02 Extent of staff trainir 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.BE 2.02 Quality of road infra 0-100 (best) SCORE 67 22 6.02 Extent of staff trainir 0-100 (best) SCORE 64.38 Railroad 0-100 (best) SCORE 35.55 6.03 Quality of vocationa 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.05 2.03 Railroad density kev/1,000 kmi[2 VALUE 5.3 6.03 Quality of vocationa 0-100 (best) SCORE 67.57 2.03 Railroad density 0-100 (best) SCORE 13.24 6.04 Skillset of graduates 1-7 (best) VALUE 5 2.04 Efficiency of train se 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.47 6.04 Skillset of graduates 0-100 (best) SCORE 86.59 2.04 Efficiency of train se 0-100 (best) SCORE 57.86 6.04a Skillset of secondary 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.67 Air 0-100 (best) SCORE 84.07 6.04b Skillset of university 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.32 2.05 Airport connectivity score VALUE 594683.5 6.05 Digital skills among 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.07 2.05 Airport connectivity 0-100 (best) SCORE 96.26 6.05 Digital skills among 0-100 (best) SCORE 67.BB 2.06 Efficiency of air tran 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.31 6.06 Ease of finding skills 1-7 (best) VALUE 1.87 2.06 Efficiency of air tran 0-100 (best) SCORE 71.BB 6.06 Ease of finding skills 0-100 (best) SCORE 64.51 Sea 0-100 (best) SCORE 60.05 Future workforce 0-100 (best) SCORE 83.03 2.07 Liner shipping conn. 0-100 (best) SCORE 51.69 6.07 School life expectar years VALUE 16.09 2.08 Efficiency of seaport 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.1 6.07 School life expectar 0-100 (best) SCORE 89.4 2 08 Efficiency of seaport 0-100 (best) SCORE 68.41 Skills of future workforce 0-100 (best) SCORE 76.67 Utility infrastructure 0-100 (best) SCORE 95.9 6.09 Pupil-to-teacher rati ratio VALUE na Electricity 0-100 (best) SCORE 96.47 6.09 Pupil-to-teacher rati 0-100 (best) SCORE 88-BE 2.09 Electricity access 0-100 (best) SCORE 100 8th pillar: Labour market 0-100 (best) SCORE 75.18 2.1 Electricity supply qu % of output VALUE 10.77 Flexibility 0-100 (best) SCORE 68.2 2.1 Electricity supply qu 0-100 (best) SCORE 92.95 8.01 Redundancy costs weeks of salary VALUE 10 Water 0-100 (best) SCORE 95.33 8.01 Redundancy costs 0-100 (best) SCORE 87.5 2.11 Exposure to unsafe % of population VALUE 0.33 8.02 Hiring and firing pra 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.65 2.11 Exposure to unsafe 0-100 (best) SCORE 100 8.02 Hiring and firing pra 0-100 (best) SCORE 60.85 2.12 Reliability of water s 1-7 (best) VALUE 6.44 8.03 Cooperation in labor 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.05 2.12 Reliability of water : 0-100 (best) SCORE 90-67 8.03 Cooperation in labor 0-100 (best) SCORE 67.5 6th pillar: Skills 0-100 (best) SCORE 81.06 8.04 Flexibility of wage d 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.348.04 Flexibility of wage d 0-100 (best) SCORE 72.39 11.01 Cost of starting a bu 0-100 (best) SCORE 99_85 8.05 Active labour market-7 (best) VALUE 4.8 11.02 Time to start a busir days VALUE 1.5 8.05 Active labour market 0-100 (best) SCORE 63.27 11.02 Time to start a busir 0-100 (best) SCORE 98.98 8.06 Workers' rights 0-100 (best) SCORE 79 11.03 Insolvency recovery cents to the dollar VALUE 87.5 8.07 Ease of hiring forelg 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.22 11-03 Insolvency recovery 0-100 (best) SCORE 94.19 8.07 Ease of hiring foreign0-100 (best) SCORE 53.61 11.04 Insolvency regulator 0-16 (best) VALUE 11 8.08 Internal labour mobi 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.69 11.04 Insolvency regulator 0-100 (best) SCORE 68.75 3.08 Internal labour mobi 0-100 (best) SCORE 61.46 Entrepreneurial culture 0-100 (best) SCORE 62.57 Meritocracy and incentivization 0-100 (best) SCORE 82.16 11.05 Attitudes towards er 1-7 (best) VALUE 163 8.09 Reliance on profess 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.52 11.05 Attitudes towards er 0-100 (best) SCORE 60.57 8.09 Reliance on profess 0-100 (best) SCORE 75.34 11.06 Wilingness to deleg 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.33 8.1 Pay and productivity 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.9 11.06 Wilingness to deleg 0-100 (best) SCORE 72 2 8.1 Pay and productivity 0-100 (best) SCORE 65 11.07 Growth of Innovative 1-7 (best) VALUE 1.75 8.11 Ratio of wage and s % VALUE 0.96 11.07 Growth of innovative 0-100 (best) SCORE 62 43 8.11 Ratio of wage and s 0-100 (best) SCORE 94.68 11.08 Companies embraci 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.3 8.12 Labour tax rate 5% VALUE 12.6 11.08 Companies embraci 0-100 (best) SCORE 55.06 8.12 Labour tax rate 0-100 (best) SCORE 93.61 12th pillar: Innovation capability 0-100 (best) SCORE 74.05 9th pillar: Financial system 0-100 (best) SCORE 87.11 Interaction and diversity 0-100 (best) SCORE 72.3 Depth 0-100 (best) SCORE 81.37 12.01 Diversity of workfor 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.58 9.01 Domestic credit to p % GDP VALUE 189.31 12.01 Diversity of workfort 0-100 (best) SCORE 76.36 9.01 Domestic credit to p 0-100 (best) SCORE 100 12.02 State of cluster deve 1-7 (best) VALUE 1.83 9.02 Financing of SMEs 1-7 (best) VALUE 4.61 12.02 State of cluster deve 0-100 (best) SCORE 638 9.02 Financing of SMEs 0-100 (best) SCORE 60.16 12.03 International co-inve per million pop. VALUE 15.07 9.03 Venture capital aval 1-7 (best) VALUE 12.03 International co-inve 0-100 (best) SCORE 85.24 9.03 Venture capital aval 0-100 (best) SCORE 50.07 12 04 Multistakeholder col 1-7 (best) VALUE 1.83 Stability 0-100 (best) SCORE 94 28 12.04 Multistakeholder col 0-100 (best) SCORE 63.78 9.06 Soundness of bank: 1-7 (best) VALUE 6.22 12 04a Collaboration within 1-7 (best) VALUE 5.19 9.06 Soundness of bank: 0-100 (best) SCORE 87 12 04b Collaboration betweent) VALUE 1.34 11th pillar: Business dynamism 0-100 (best) SCORE 76.51 Research and development 0-100 (best) SCORE 77.4 Administrative requirements 0-100 (best) SCORE 90.45 12.05 Scientific publication score VALUE 1032 67 11.01 Cost of starting a bu % of GNI per capita VALUE 0.3 12.05 Scientific publication 0-100 (best) SCORE 100 12 06 Patent applications per million pop. VALUE 105.84 12.06 Patent applications 0-100 (best) SCORE 85.83 12.07 R&D expenditures % GDP VALUE 1.53 12.07 R&D expenditures 0-100 (best) SCORE 50.98