Vince Kim, of EcoScape Company, designs and installs custom lawn and garden irrigation systems for homes and businesses throughout the state. Each job is different, requiring different materials and labor for installing the systems. EcoScape estimated the following for the year:

Number of direct labor hours	6,720
Direct labor cost	$67,200
Overhead cost	$50,400

During the year, the following actual amounts were experienced:

Number of direct labor hours	6,045
Direct labor incurred	$66,495
Overhead incurred	$50,500

Vince Kim, owner of EcoScape, noticed that the watering systems for many houses in a local subdivision had the same layout and required virtually identical amounts of prime cost. Vince met with the subdivision builders and offered to install a basic watering system in each house. The idea was accepted enthusiastically, so Vince created a new company, Irrigation Specialties, to handle the subdivision business. In its first three months in business, Irrigation Specialties experienced the following:

	June	July	August
Number of systems installed	48	68	88
Direct materials used	$14,400	$20,400	$26,400
Direct labor incurred	$9,600	$13,600	$17,600
Overhead	$8,640.00	$9,520.00	$10,560.00

1. Should Irrigation Specialties use process costing or job-order costing?

2. If Irrigation Specialties uses an actual costing system, what is the cost of a single system installed in June? In July? In August? Round your answers to the nearest dollar.

June	$__ per system
July	$__ per system
August	$__ per system

3. Now assume that Irrigation Specialties uses a normal costing system. Estimated overhead for the year is $70,400, and estimated production is 640 watering systems. What is the predetermined overhead rate per system?

$_____ per system installed

What is the cost of a single system installed in June? In July? In August?

June	$__ per system
July	$__per system
August	$__ per system