What activities are outlawed under Section $1$ of the Sherman Act? $2.$ There are two different tests the U$.$S$.$ Supreme Court has developed for determining the lawfulness of a restraint of trade. They are the rule of reason and per se violations. Briefly explain how these two tests are applied. a$.$ rule of reason b$.$ per se rule $3.$ Read the summary of the case United States v$.$ Apple in the textbook. What anticompetitive act did the court say Apple was guilty of$?$ What did they do to commit this act?