what are fiber$-$optic cables and how are they used in a fiber$-$optic telecommunication systemAll these discoveries in the field of telecommunication have had important consequences for modern

society. We can now enjoy a wide range of practical services, such as receiving news from all around

the world in a very short time. However, these developments have also resulted in social changes, for

instance, in the way that we interact with other people. We can now talk to people on our mobile

phones, which has changed when and where we can contact people. But we can also send SMS text

messages and, perhaps most important of all, we can use the Internet to interact, through emails,

social networking sites and other applications. As a result, the way we lead our lives nowadays is very

different, in terms of both quantity and quality of communication.

The second main element in a telecommunication system is the physical channel. This is the medium

through which the signal travels from the transmitter to the receiver. For example, with sound, the

medium is the atmosphere. There are many different physical channels available for telecommunication.

Radio waves use 'free space'. This is a little different from the atmosphere because radio waves can be

transmitted through a vacuum, while sound, for instance, cannot. Coaxial cables and optical fibres are

other examples of physical channels. Optical fibres are a very successful way of transmitting digital data

over long distances, and are used in fixed$-$line telephone networks and Internet connections.

Writing assignment title

What are fibre$-$optic cables and how are they used in a fibre$-$optic

telecommunication system?