"What are the fundamental principles underlying chemical engineering processes, and how do they relate to real$-$world applications? Explore key concepts such as mass and energy balances, thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, and transport phenomena, elucidating their significance in industrial settings. How do engineers optimize processes for efficiency and sustainability while considering factors like safety and environmental impact? Discuss the role of chemical engineers in developing innovative solutions for societal challenges in energy, materials, and pharmaceuticals."