What does this mean

Jorge and Anita, married taxpayers, earn $$150,000$ in taxable income and $$40,000$ in interest from an investment in City of Heflin bonds. $($Use the U$.$S$.$ tax rate schedule for married filing jointly.$)$

Required:

a$.$ If Jorge and Anita earn an additional $$100,000$ of taxable income, what is their marginal tax rate on this income?

b$.$ What is their marginal rate if$,$ instead, they report an additional $$100,000$ in deductions?

Note: For all requirements, round your answers to $2$ decimal places.

$2024$ Tax Rate Schedules

Individuals

Schedule X$-$Single

$\backslash$table$[[$If taxable income is over:,But not over:,The tax is:$],[$$$0,$$$11,600,10\%$ of taxable income$],[$$$11,600,$$$47,150,$$$1,160$ plus $12\%$ of the excess over $$11,600$