What is an Associative memory? What are its advantages and disadvantages? How is the Virtual address mapped into physical address? What are the different methods of writing into cache? The logical address space in a computer system consists of 128 segments. Each segment can have up to 32 pages of 4K words each. Physical memory consists of 4K blocks of 4K words each. Formulate the logical and physical address formats. A digital computer has a memory unit of 64K X 16 and a cache memory of 1K words. The cache uses direct mapping with a block size of four words. (i). How many bits are there in the tag, index, block, and word fields of the address format? (ii). How many bits are there in each word of cache, and how they are divided into functions? Include a valid bit. (iii). How many blocks can the cache accommodate? .Discuss different mapping techniques in cache memory and their merits and demerits.