1. What is the net investment for an extruder that costs $42,000, if shipping costs are $1,500 and installation is $4,800? Assume this efficient machine is replacing an older extruder with a book and market value of zero. The replacement investment will reduce operating costs by $6,600 a year.
2. An investment project requires a net investment of $100,000. The project is expected to generate annual net cash inflows of $28,000 for the next 5 years. The firm's cost of capital is 12 percent. Determine the payback period for the project.
3. The management of Graphicopy is trying to determine how much debt they should have in their capital structure. If they sell $500,000 in perpetual bonds with a 9 percent coupon, what would be the present value of the tax shield? Assume the marginal tax rate is 35%.
4. What is the annual tax shield to a firm that has a capital structure consisting of $100 million of debt and $180 million of equity, if the average interest rate on debt is 9%, the return on equity is 13%, and the marginal tax rate is 40%?