What's the difference between primary and secondarysuccession?

a) Primary succession involves the gradual establishment ofbiotic communities in lifeless areas where is no soil. Secondarysuccession occurs where a series of communities with differentspecies develop in places containing soil.

b) There is no difference between the two.

c) Primary and secondary succession are two sides of the samecoin since both describe ecological succession; so, they arebasically the same.

d) Primary succession occurs where a series of communities withdifferent species develop in places containing soil. Secondarysuccession involves the gradual establishment of biotic communitiesin lifeless areas where is no soil.