When interpreting the results of any null hypothesis significance testing, we examine thep-value.Select the statements below that are true ifp< .05:

1. The groups being compared are essentially equal or the same (or there is no relationship indicated between the variables).
2. The test is NOT significant.
3. The test has failed, and the researcher must start over.
4. Reject the null hypothesis
5. Fail to reject the null hypothesis.
6. The test is significant.
7. More data must be collected.
8. Thep-value is too small to make a determination and neither the null nor the alternative hypotheses are significant.
9. There is a difference in the groups being compared (or a relationship exists between the variables being examined).
10. If using an ANOVA,p< .05 indicates post-hoc testing is appropriate for specific information about where differences occur