When the Bank of Canada wants to induce a monetary expansion,

a. it can provide commercial banks with excess reserves and has considerable influence over how many new loans banks will make to the public.b. it can provide commercial banks with excess reserves but how many new loans will be made by the commercial banks is uncertain.c. it cannot generally provide commercial banks with excess reserves and how many new loans will be made by the commercial banks is uncertain.d. it cannot provide commercial banks with excess reserves and has no influence over how many new loans banks make to the public.