Whi bought a share of mutual fund ABC for $$25$ when NAV per share was $$27.$ And when John sold his share the mathet price was $$30$ and NAV $$31$

Tha is in cosed end fund beciuse NAV per share and market price per share differ

This in open$-$end fund, because NAV per share and market price per share differ

bams holding period return $($HPR$)$ is $14\mathrm{.}81\%$

boris holding period retum $($HPR$)$ is $12\mathrm{.}9\%$