Which is not a driver of self-reinforcing sequences? A. Increasing returns B. Psychological commitment to past decisions C. Cognitive biases D. Backlash

2. Which is not a step in Lewin's three-step process? A. Unfreeze or unlock the existing level of behavior B. Move to a new level C. Leading and managing the people issues D. Refreeze behavior at this new level

3. ______________ change is more intense than ______________ change and reactive change is more intense than _______________ change. A. Transformational, incremental, proactive B. Incremental, transformational, proactive C. Proactive, transformational, incremental D. Incremental, proactive, transformational

4. Many organizations have adopted the __________________ to help managers widen the criteria they use to assess performance. A. customer perspective B. balanced scorecard C. cycle of competitor behavior D. trap of success

5. Effective change managers require and can be helped to acquire: A. confidence in their own abilities to make a difference B. the motivation to change C. conceptual models and action tools/interventions D. all of the above

6. The most effective mode of intervening can vary over the course of a helping relationship. The ___________________ mode might be especially effective at the beginning of the helping

A. process. B. information-gathering C. challenging D. supportive theorizing

7. Which statement is false? A. Organizational change not only involves a change in situational factors, such as technology, structures and systems, but also a series of personal transitions for all those affected. B. New structures and systems may not work as planned until organizational members let go of the way things used to be and adjust to the new situation. C. Incremental changes are those that are perceived to be relatively lasting in their effects, take place over a relatively short period of time, and affect large areas of an individual's assumptive world. D. The process of personal transition involves a number of stages of psychological reaction.

8. Conceptual models play a key role in the _______________ process because they help us to decide which aspects of organizational behavior require attention and provide a focus for _________________ gathering.

A. diagnostic, information B. information, diagnostic C. interview, diagnostic D. force-field, cultural

9. Which is a key leadership task? A. Sense-making B. Aligning C. Enabling D. All of the above

10. Power is inherent in any relationship in which one person or group is __________ on another. A. self-interested B. dependent C. independent D. motivated

11. Action research is the basic model underpinning most organizational development interventions. A. True B. False

12. In action research, the motive force for learning and change is _________________ and the experience of _____________. A. freezing, unfreezing B. participation, collaboration C. cognitive dissonance, disconfirmation D. dependence, freezing

13. ______________ inquiry is a process that involves exploring the best of what is and amplifying this best practice. The essence of ________________ inquiry is the generation of a shared image of a better future: 'What would the future be like if the best of what is became the norm?' A. Appreciative, appreciative B. Action, action C. Lean, lean D. Training, re-engineering

14. ______________ learning occurs when leaders are able to think outside the box by reflecting on outcomes, identifying and challenging the assumptions and beliefs that underpinned the decisions and actions that led to these outcomes, and, where appropriate, revising their assumptions in ways that open the possibility of experimenting with new ways of behaving. A. Single-loop B. Double-loop C. Continuous-loop D. Bouncing-loop

15. Appreciative inquiry is based on the assumption that we are free to choose which aspects of our experience we pay attention to. A. True B. False

16. Which statement is false? A. Organizational change is typically associated with some degree of individual change. B. The training needs analysis involves three steps: systems-level review, task analysis, and persona analysis. C. Training is a key determinant of the success of teams. D. A task analysis review determines how the proposed change will affect organizational goals, objectives and task demands.

17. Training is not a key determinant of the success of teams. A. True B. False

18. Which statement is false regarding the evaluation of training effectiveness? A. At level one, the criterion is how trainees reacted to the training. B. At level two, the criterion is what they learned. C. It is relatively easy to apply the relevant principles of learning to design a training activity that will encourage learning, but much more difficult to design one that will ensure that the learning is transferred and used in the work situation. D. At level four, the criterion is behavior.

19. High performance management is an intervention that change agents can use to improve performance by aligning people management practices. This is a much more effective intervention than working to improve separate people management practices, such as training, performance management or reward systems, in isolation. A. True B. False

20. The _______________ maximization approach is based on the assumption that people work best and contribute most to organizational performance when they are fully dedicated to the organization. A. control B. management C. commitment D. induction

21. A benefit of high performance management practices is delegating more responsibility to people further down the organization eliminates the need for many supervisory roles. A. True B. False

22. Business process re-engineering (BPR) is a techno-structural intervention that involves switching attention away from fragmented functional thinking towards _________________ processes. A. specialist B. transformational C. functional D. cross-functional

23. Process maps show how work flows through an organization. A. True B. False

24 Which is not a lean principle? A. Precisely specify value for each product or product family B. Identify value streams for each product to expose waste C. Make value flow without interruption D. Let customers push value from the producer

25. _____________ is a unilateral process in which one group willingly adopts the identity and culture of the other. A. Integration B. Separation C. Deculturation D. Assimilation