Which of the following are advantages of imposed budgeting?

Select one or more:

i.

Increases goal congruency and concentration on corporate objectives

ii.

increased understanding, communication and commitment on behalf of managers

iii.

Those creating the budget may be out of touch with day-to-day activities

iv.

Departments may look for resources that just dont fit into the budget.

v.

increased ownership of the budget

vi.

too much focus on department objectives

vii.

Lower management does not have to take time to prepare the budget

viii.

budgets which are not in-line with corporate objectives

ix.

higher spending targets which will result in a reconciliation process