Which of the following assumptions are necessary for AFN equation to work?

The ratios $A\frac{O}{S}$ and $L\frac{O}{S},$ the profit margin, and payout ratio are stable.

Common stock and long$-$term debt are tied directly to sales.

None of the firm's ratios will change.

Fixed assets, but not current assets, are tied directly to sales.

Last year's total assets were not optimal for last year's sales.