Which of the following is FALSE regarding processes in text mining?

a$.$

The stemming process allows text mining methods to treat $$retrieval$,$retrieved$,$ and $$retrieves$$ as the same word

b$.$

The presence$/$absence document$-$term matrix uses binary variables to denote whether a particular word is present in a document

c$.$

The accuracy of text mining will be poor if the raw document contains many slang words

d$.$

A common approach in text mining is to treat every document as a collection of individual words