Which of the following is INCORRECT about the use of a paired experiment?

a. The object of pairing is to account for the effect of possible other factors (such as fertility of

soils).

b. The analysis of paired data starts by finding the difference between the values of the pair. The

order of the difference (as long as it is consistent) is unimportant.

c. It is crucial to recognize pairing. If pairing is not recognized, results will not be as accurate as

possible.

d. The degrees of freedom is equal to the number of pairs - 1.

e. Because pairing is beneficial, we can pair all data by matching the smallest value of each

sample, the second smallest value of each sample, the third smallest value of each sample,

etc.