Which of the following is likely to be a fully deductible business expense?

a. Salaries in excess of the industry average paid to attract talented employees.

b. The cost of employee uniforms that can be adapted to ordinary personal wear.

c. A speeding fine paid by a trucker who was delivering a rush order.

d. The cost of a three-year subscription to a business publication.

e. None of these is likely to be deductible.