Which of the following is NOT a monetary policy tool for shifting the aggregate demand curve? ( 4 point)

A) open market operations B) government spending C) the discount rate D) the reserve requirement

10. If a bank does not have enough reserves, it can (4 point)

A) buy bonds on the open market. B) raise the interest rate it charges borrowers. C) borrow reserves from the discount window. D) make more loans.

11. When the Fed makes bonds more or less attractive, it influences the (2 point)

A) open market decision. B) money multiplier. C) portfolio decision. D) reserve decision.

12 .If the Fed buys more bonds from the public, then the money supply will ( 4 point)

A) decrease and the aggregate demand curve will shift to the right. B) increase and the aggregate demand curve will shift to the right. C) increase and the aggregate demand curve will shift to the left. D) decrease and the aggregate demand curve will shift to the left.

13. If the total output for an economy is equal to $750 billion and the total number of labor hours is 20 billion, then labor productivity is equal to (5point)

A)15.00 per hour. B) $20.00 per hour. C) $37.50 per hour. D) $75.00 per hour.