Which of the following is NOT a valid reason for, or an advantage of, using free slack?

a. Many managers are risk averse and want to start all tasks at their earliest possible starting times; therefore, it is a good metric to measure the importance of non-critical tasks.

b. Free slack can sometimes be useful in determining how much a critical task can be reduced or "crashed" before the critical path changes.

c. Free slack tells a project manager by how much a task can be delayed without causing a delay in an immediate successor.

d. Free slack can be interpreted as the maximum time by which a task's duration can be exceeded without causing a delay in the project.

Of the following, which is NOT a result of task granularity being too large, a common pitfall of project planning?

a. Assigned team members may misinterpret the scope of the task (by usually assuming it includes

less than planned).

b. Assigned team members may misinterpret the scope of the task (by usually assuming it includes

more than planned).

c. Stakeholders may misinterpret the scope of the task (usually assuming it includes more than

planned).

d. Task work estimates are very likely to significantly understate the actual work effort.

When first exploring the time-cost trade-off of a project, the ______ variable should be considered to

be stable.

a. resources

b. design/scope

c. time/schedule

d. cost/budget

Avoiding excessively large estimates for individual is a method to reduce the likelihood of the ______ project planning pitfall.

a. problems associated with task durations

b. tasks that focus on work rather than deliverables

c. insufficient task granularity

d. estimates that do not facilitate project monitoring and control

______ slack type assumes that all tasks must be started at their earliest starting times.

a. Total

b. Free

c. Safety

d. Independent

Partitioning tasks with broad implicit scope to increase specificity is a method to reduce the

likelihood of the ______ project planning pitfall.

a. problems associated with task durations

b. tasks that focus on work rather than deliverables

c. insufficient task granularity

d. internally inconsistent estimates

______ is a dependent task that logically comes after another task or tasks in a project schedule.

a. Successor

b. Precedence relations

c. Predecessor

d. Precedence constrains

Some of the costs in ______ category include wages to workers performing a specific task (or part of a task), sub-contracting costs, and materials costs (e.g. costs for raw materials, supplies).

a. resource or direct costs

b. time-dependent costs

c. incentive payments

d. retrospective costs

A critical planning document and communication link among all project stakeholders, including the project team and the functional departments of an organization, a ______ establishes project goals and resource assignments that typically impact all parts of the organization, including other projects.

a. schedule

b. budget

c. cash flow

d. net present value (NPV)

______ is an estimation approach in which estimates are gathered from a panel of experts, and then averaged into a single estimate.

a. Parametric

b. Panel of experts

c. Delphi method

d. Composite estimate

_____ is a process whose behavior can be calculated and predicted precisely.

a. Stochastic

b. Deterministic

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c. Parametric

d. Optimistic

______ specifies the amount of work that must be performed to complete a task.

a. Work content

b. Duration

c. Resource allocation

d. Full time equivalents (FTEs)