Which of the following is not an example of a defensive move to protect a companys market position and restrict a challengers options for initiating competitive attack?

Granting volume discounts or better financing terms to dealers/distributors and introducing new features, adding new models, and/or broadening its product line to close off gaps and vacant niches to opportunity-seeking challengers Lengthening warranties, offering free or low-cost training and support services, and providing coupons and sample giveaways to buyers most prone to experiment with using rival brands Maneuvering around competitors and concentrating on capturing unoccupied or less contested market territory Signaling challengers that retaliation is likely in the event they launch an attack Maintaining a war chest of cash and marketable securities and thwarting rivals' efforts to attack with a lower price by maintaining a line-up of product selections that includes economy-priced options for price-sensitive buyers