Which of the following is not used to prove or verify a user's identity $($i$.$e$.,$ the authentication factor$)?$

$1.$

A password or passphrase is not typically used to prove or verify a user's identity.

$2.$

A token device or smart card is not typically used to prove or verify a user's identity.

$3.$

A biometric element is not typically used to prove or verify a user's identity.

$4.$

A unique identifier such as a User ID is not typically used to prove or verify a user's identity.